Food and Autonomy of Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) : An Indigenous Response to Loss

It was a sunny Friday morning in April 2026 when a new, empty pond was first unveiled in the Lantak Seribu village, one young man grinned and joked in Indonesian, “Wah, kolamnya cocok untuk beradu ayam!” (This pond looks made for a cockfight), he laughed. We joined in the laughter. At that moment, the pond was nothing practical, not yet a source of food or livelihood. It was just an unfamiliar patch of water in the ground. It felt out of place. And that mattered.

The setting is Jambi, on the island of Sumatra, where the land has already been reshaped. For the Suku Anak Dalam  (SAD) (literally the Children of the Forest) the jungle was more than just land. It was a living pantry, a library of knowledge, and the heart of their identity. Hunting wild game, gathering fruits and roots, moving with the seasons of the forest – these weren’t mere chores. They were the SAD way of life itself. But the forest isn’t as it once was. Oil palm plantations have crept into their territory, swallowing trees and pathways. As the green depths of the jungle give way to rows of palms, many SAD families can no longer reach the groves and streams where they once hunted and foraged. It’s not just fish and game that are lost. It’s autonomy, the freedom to choose how to feed themselves and live by their own traditions.

When our team from DEEP EnGender began working on our new project called Digital Re-Grow Initiative with the SAD communities here, we didn’t walk in with ready-made answers or blueprints. We came with questions, and with open ears. We spent time in the village not rushing from project to project, but sitting in the shade listening to stories. We talked with everyone, the young men and women, the Induk (the female elders), and the Tumenggung (the community’s chief). Through their stories of change, of loss, of how they adapt each day, a shared concern emerged: How could they respond to the shrinking forest without sacrificing their dignity, their knowledge, and their collective agency?

Suddenly, quoting Virginia Woolf that everything came back to food. In a place where the old forest ways were disappearing, what could be grown or raised? What made sense not only economically but culturally? Together, we asked ourselves: What food project would the community accept as their own? We heard about the crops and animals they knew, but one idea kept surfacing. The SAD people didn’t normally count on fish for meals, except for one familiar kind: the catfish, or lele. It’s a fish they know and like, a fish that felt possible in these circumstances. So the idea of the pond took root. But this was not an outsider saying “Here is your solution.” It was a conversation we shaped together. Through ongoing talks with village leaders and the government, a collective plan emerged: build a catfish pond together. In the end, we prepared the pond and stocked it with two thousand catfish seedlings. Twenty-four SAD households shared in taking care of the pond. Notice how leadership came about: it was not imposed by us, or by distant experts. It came from within the community guided by the Tumenggung, the Induk SAD, and local coordinators from the village.

And yet, the pond itself was only half the story. What truly matters is how it happened. We didn’t run one-way trainings or hand down a rulebook. Instead, we organized simple workshops as circles of exchange. In those circles, modern fish-farming techniques met the community’s own ecological wisdom. Every practice was put on the table to discuss: no assumption was made. A conversation might go like this: a scientist explains a method, and then an elder raises her hand to add, “In my childhood, I remember this way might fit here.” We all learned together: the SAD, our DEEP EnGender team, and the local officials.

This was indeed a manifestation of DEEP EnGender value where decolonization is in action.There was not just buzzwords, but practice. It meant choosing to listen instead of dictating, recognizing that knowledge doesn’t only flow from universities; it lives in people’s daily lives. In this project, we made space for voices that are often overlooked: women, youth, and the people whose everyday experience is this village. For example, when a young mother spoke up about which plants she grows in her garden or an Induk told a memory of fishing in a nearby stream, those insights mattered. We honored those ideas as much as any technical advice we brought. That’s also how a feminist approach works: by centering those voices in the decision-making.

Even the laughter by the pond  “cockfight pond!”  was part of the process. It was a way for everyone to test ideas, to joke and question something new together. In fact, seeing how the community responded with curiosity and humor helped shape our path forward. Now, the pond has turned into a space of negotiation and possibility. The village government has promised to visit every month, to sit together and discuss how it’s going. This ensures the pond project isn’t a one-time gift from outsiders, but an evolving journey led by the people who live with it. The catfish are still growing in that pond. And something else is growing, too. A new way of working together. A different way of imagining indigenous food systems – not as things to be replaced by outside ideas, but as living traditions that can adapt on their own terms, even when much is lost. Rebuilding a future here is about holding space for what still remains, for what is changing, and for what can emerge next, together.

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DEEP EnGender Publication Highlight – Climate Policy, Justice, and Electoral Promises

We are proud to announce that our Circle Initiator, Dr. Anna Christi Suwardi, has co-authored a book chapter titled “Climate Policy, Justice, and Electoral Promises: Comparative Perspectives from Asia” in The Handbook of Public Policy in Asia (Elgar Publishing).

The chapter, written in collaboration with Thida Chaiyapa, Watcharapol Supajakwattana, and Hamad Hasul Khan, examines how climate change is framed within electoral platforms in Thailand, Indonesia, and Pakistan. Through a comparative lens, the authors analyze the extent to which political commitments address the intertwined issues of climate justice, social equity, and sustainable development. The study highlights how electoral promises frequently emphasize growth and development, while justice-oriented concerns, such as protecting vulnerable populations, ensuring intergenerational responsibility, and securing fair burden-sharing, remain inconsistently addressed.

By exposing the gaps between political rhetoric and implementation, the chapter underscores how electoral pledges can shape national climate policies yet often lack accountability mechanisms. The comparative findings reveal both opportunities and challenges in embedding climate justice into political discourse, pointing to the urgent need for robust policy frameworks that translate campaign commitments into tangible action. These insights hold valuable lessons not only for the three countries studied but also for strengthening regional cooperation across Asia.

At DEEP EnGender, we view this publication as an important step in advancing dialogue on integrating justice and equity into climate and policy processes. We extend our gratitude for the opportunity to contribute to this significant volume and celebrate the collaborative efforts that made this work possible.

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